Te hura i te ātete kakahu tino pai o te Alumina Ma kua whakakotahihia
I. Tino Uaua: Ko te Takenga Mai te Haurua o te Kōrero
E ai ki te kōrero, pērā i te matua, pērā i te tama.Alumini mā kua hanumiKo te pakari o roto o te konganuku he mea whakatōtika mai i tōna pūtake. Ko tōna ingoa tūturu ko te alumina mā, me te tauira matū α-Al₂O₃. Mātakitakina tōna hanganga tioata—he anga ā-roto tōna o tētahi matū whakapakeke tūturu.
Me pēhea te hanga? He rite te tukanga ki te alchemy. He kounga teiteipaura konumoheka tukuna ki ngā pāmahana neke atu i te 2000 nekehanga Celsius i roto i te oumu pewa hiko—he tino mahi 'whakamahana i te maitai mā te hanga anō.' I roto i tēnei whakapainga, ka tino whakakorea ngā poke, ka puta ko tōna mā me tōna parakore neke atu i te 99%.
Whakaarohia tōna hanganga tioata: he tino matotoru, he ōrite, kāore he hapa ā-roto pērā i te mirumiru, i te ngatata rānei. He rite ki te whakarite i te karāti kounga teitei ki te gangue waro honikoma—ko tēhea te mea e kaha ake ana te ātete ki te pakaru? He mārama te whakautu. Ko tēnei hanganga tioata tino parakore, tino matotoru te pūtake o ōna āhuatanga tino pai katoa, koia tōna parepare matua me te tino taketake ki te pakū.
II. Te Pakari Nui: Ko te Mata anake
Ina kōrerohia te ātete ki te kakahu, ka puta ake te whakaaro ki te pakeketanga.alumina kua hanumi māE whakamanamana ana ki te pakeke Mohs o te 9.0 – ko te taimana me te silicon carbide anake e hipa ana. I roto i tā mātou umanga, haunga ētahi "taniwha", ka taea e ia te "haere roa". Ko te huri i te maitai, i te koranu rānei ki a ia he rite ki te tapatapahi pata ki te maripi koi – he māmā noa iho, he makona hoki.
Heoi, me whakanui ake e au: kāore e taea e te pakeketanga anake te pupuri i te hiranga pumau o tētahi rauemi i roto i te ao o te ātete ki te kakahu. He nui te pakeke o ētahi rauemi engari ka pakaru i te whakamahinga, ka waiho hei mea whakakorekore - he aha te uara mahi kei a rātou? Ko te kaha tūturu o te alumina ma kei roto i tōna kounga taketake: te pakari.
He rite ki te hoari pai: me koi noa iho (mārō), engari me ngāwari hoki, me patu, me kore e pakaru, e whati rānei (uaua). Ka whakakotahi te alumina mā i te mārō me te pakari whakamiharo. I te wā e whakatiotia ana, ka tino piri te hanganga o roto, ka taea ai e ia te mimiti me te hora i te kaha pānga o waho.
He aha te tikanga o tēnei i roto i ngā mahi ā-ringa? Ina pāngia e te pānga kino, e te pēhanga rānei, kāore e pakaru wawe tonu i te āhua 'pakaru, kaua e piko'. Engari, ka taea e ia te tu atu i te kaha, ka mimiti i roto i ngā whakarerekētanga kirihou iti hei pupuri i te āhua katoa. Nā tēnei āhuatanga e pai ai mō te huri tika, engari mō te huri matotoru hoki me ngā mahi pānga nui. Hei tauira, hei mea whakakoi i roto i ngā mīhini pupuhi onepu, he tino pakari.
III. Te Ātete ki te Pāmahana Teitei: Tōna Kaha Huna
He maha ngā wā ka warewarehia tēnei āhuatanga, engari he mea tino nui. Ko te kaha o te alumina mā kua whakaranua he neke atu i te 1800°C, me te iti o te ngaronga kaha i ngā pāmahana teitei.
Whakaarohia tēnei āhuatanga: I te wā e huri tere ana, ka puta he wera nui i waenga i te mea whakakoi me te mea mahi, ka tere te piki o ngā pāmahana ā-rohe. Mena kāore te mea whakakoi i te ātete ki te wera, ka ngawari pea, ka pirau, ka pāngia rānei e ngā tauhohenga matū i tēnei wā, ka heke te pai o te huri, ā, ka tere te pakaru o te taputapu.
Heoi, kāore te alumina mā i whakakāhoretia. I ngā pāmahana teitei, ka mau tonu tōna pakeke me tōna kaha, ka tū pakari, ka kore e nekeneke. Nā tēnei āhuatanga i tino whakamahia ai hei hanga i ngā mea whakakoi kounga teitei pērā i ngā wira huri, ngā kōpae tapahi, me ngā mea whakakoi pania (pepa kirikiri me te kakahu emery). He mea tino nui mō te miihini i ngā maitai koranu pakeke me ngā maitai taputapu.
IV. Te "Wetewete" Matū: Te Mea Ngaro ki te Ātete ki te Maukati mō te Wā Roa
He tino pumau ngā āhuatanga matū o te alumina mā kua hanumi, e whakaatu ana i te hinengaro "rangatahi motuhake". Kāore e tere te tauhohe ki ngā matū pēnei i te waikawa, i te kawakore rānei.
I roto i ētahi āhuatanga mahi, ehara i te mea ko te pakaru tinana anake te mea e pā ana ki te waikura matū. Hei tauira, i roto i ngā taiao matū, ka pāngia ngā rauemi e te waikura rauemi me te waikura waenga. Mena kāore te rauemi e ātete ki te waikura, ka puta tuatahi he poka i runga i tōna mata nā te waikura, kātahi ka memeha, ka piki haere te tere o te pakaru.
Mā te alumina mā e whakaranua tēnei āhuatanga ka karohia. Nā tōna koretake matū ka taea e ia te tu atu ki te horo o ngā matū maha, ka mau tonu te mata maeneene me te papatahi mō ngā wā roa. Mēnā ka tūtaki ki tētahi o ōna hoariri matua e rua—te pakū ā-tinana, te waikura matū rānei—ka roa ake tōna ora i ngā hoa whakataetae.
V. Te Whakatakoto i te Taputapu Tika ki te Mahi Tika: Me Pēhea Tātou Whakamahi?
I te mea kua mārama tātou ki ōna āhuatanga tino pai, me pēhea e taea ai e tātou te whakamahi tika i tēnei 'taputapu tika' i roto i ngā mahi whakaputa?
Te Toi o te Hononga: He rauemi whakakoi te alumina whakakoi mā. Hei huri hei taputapu pēnei i ngā wira huri, i te pepa kirikiri rānei, me whai kaihopu (pēnei i ngā here uku, kapia rānei). Ko ngā āhuatanga o tēnei kaihopu ka whakatau tika i te kaha o te taputapu whakakoi, te ātete wera, me te kaha ki te whakakoi i a ia anō (te kaha o ngā kakano mangu ki te marere wawe, kia kitea ai ngā kakano hou, koi). Ko te taputapu whakakoi pai ko te hononga tino pai o te alumina whakakoi mā kounga teitei me te kaihopu pai rawa atu. Nō reira, i te wā e whiriwhiri ana i ngā wira huri, me whakaaro te tangata ehara i te mea ko te whakakoi anake engari me whakaaro hoki mēnā he rite te kaihopu ki ō hiahia miihini.
Tātaihia te uara ōhanga: He nui ake te utu mō te alumina whakarewa mā. Nō reira, mō ngā tono kāore he tono nui rawa atu—pērā i te huri i te maitai waro noa—tērā pea ka nui ake te whai hua o te alumina whakarewa parauri. Heoi, ina tūtaki ki ngā tono ātete ki te pakeketanga, te tika, te ātete ki te kakahu i te pāmahana teitei—pērā i te huri i te maitai tere-rahi, te maitai taputapu, te hanga rānei i ngā mea whakakākahu matatau—ka tino whakahokia mai te haumitanga tāpiri ki te alumina whakarewa mā mā tōna roa o te mahi me te kounga miihini pumau. E hiahia ana tēnei tātaitanga ki tētahi tirohanga roa.
Hei whakarāpopototanga, ehara i te mea he āhuatanga motuhake te ātete kakahu o te alumina mā; engari he whakaaturanga o te kaha whawhai whānui. Ko ia te "toa whānui" i roto i te pakeketanga, te pakari, te pumau wera, me te ātete matū. He rite tonu ki taua tohunga toi i roto i tā mātou awheawhe - he marino engari he tino pūkenga, he pono tonu i ngā wā katoa e tika ana. Kia mārama ki tōna āhua, whakaute ki ōna āhuatanga, ā, whakamahia ki te wāhi e tino pai ana, ā, ka tino nui te uara. A te wā e whai ake nei ka whakamahia e koe tēnei "kohatu ma", tera pea ka nui ake tō maioha ki tōna ataahua tūturu.