Te whakamahinga o te α-alumina i roto i ngā mea houngā uku alumina
Ahakoa he maha ngā momo rauemi uku hou, ka taea te wehewehe kia toru ngā wāhanga e ai ki ā rātou mahi me ā rātou whakamahinga: ngā uku mahi (e mōhiotia ana ko ngā uku hiko), ngā uku hanganga (e mōhiotia ana ko ngā uku hangarau) me ngā uku koiora. E ai ki ngā wāhanga rauemi mata rerekē e whakamahia ana, ka taea te wehewehe ki ngā uku waikura, ngā uku nitride, ngā uku boride, ngā uku carbide me ngā uku whakarewa. I roto i ēnei, he mea tino nui ngā uku alumina, ā, ko tōna rauemi mata he paura α-alumina o ngā momo whakaritenga.
E whakamahia whānuitia ana te α-alumina i roto i te hanga o ngā rauemi uku hou nā tōna kaha teitei, tōna pakeke teitei, tōna ātete ki te pāmahana teitei, tōna ātete ki te kakahu me ētahi atu āhuatanga pai. Ehara i te mea he paura mata anake mō ngā uku alumina matatau pērā i ngā papa hiko whakauru, ngā kohatu horihori, ngā taputapu tapahi, ngā wheua horihori, me ētahi atu, engari ka taea hoki te whakamahi hei kawe phosphor, hei rauemi ātete matatau, hei rauemi huri motuhake, me ētahi atu. I te whanaketanga o te pūtaiao me te hangarau hou, kei te tere haere te whānuitanga o te tono o te α-alumina, ā, kei te piki haere hoki te tono mākete, ā, he whānui rawa ngā tūmanakohanga.
Te whakamahinga o te α-alumina i roto i ngā uku mahi
Ngā uku mahie pā ana ki ngā uku matatau e whakamahi ana i ō rātou āhuatanga hiko, aukume, oro, whatu, wera me ētahi atu āhuatanga, i ō rātou pānga hononga rānei hei whakatutuki i tētahi mahi. He maha ngā āhuatanga hiko o ēnei āhuatanga pēnei i te whakamarumaru, te dielectric, te piezoelectric, te thermoelectric, te semiconductor, te kawe ion me te superconductivity, nō reira he maha ā rātou mahi me te whānuitanga o ngā tono. I tēnei wā, ko ngā mea matua kua whakamahia whānuitia ko ngā uku whakamarumaru mō ngā papa hiko whakauru me ngā takai, ngā uku whakamarumaru mono mura motuka, ngā uku dielectric capacitor e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā pouaka whakaata me ngā hopu ataata, ngā uku piezoelectric me ngā whakamahinga maha me ngā uku tairongo mō ngā momo pūoko. Hei tāpiri, ka whakamahia hoki mō ngā ngongo rama konutai pēhanga teitei.
1. Ngā uku whakamātao mō te mono mura
Ko ngā uku whakamātao mono mura te mea nui rawa atu o ngā uku i roto i ngā miihini i tēnei wā. Nā te mea he pai te whakamātao hiko o te alumina, he kaha miihini teitei, he ātete ki te pēhanga teitei me te ātete ki te ru wera, he whānui te whakamahinga o ngā mono mura whakamātao alumina puta noa i te ao. Ko ngā whakaritenga mō te α-alumina mō ngā mono mura ko ngā paura iti-konutai α-alumina noa, ko te ihirangi konutai waikura he ≤0.05%, ā, ko te rahi matūriki toharite he 325 mata.
2. Ngā papa hiko whakauru me ngā rauemi tākai
He pai ake ngā uku e whakamahia ana hei rauemi papa me ngā rauemi tākai i ngā kirihou i ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei: he ātete teitei ki te whakamarumaru, he ātete teitei ki te waikura matū, he hiri teitei, he ārai i te urunga makuku, kāore he tauhohenga, ā, kāore he parahanga ki te silicon semiconductor tino parakore. Ko ngā āhuatanga o te α-alumina e hiahiatia ana mō ngā rauemi ara iahiko whakauru me ngā rauemi tākai ko: te tauwehenga whānui wera 7.0×10-6/℃, te kawe wera 20-30W/K·m (mahana rūma), te pūmau dielectric 9-12 (IMHz), te ngaronga dielectric 3~10-4 (IMHz), te ātete rōrahi >1012-1014Ω·cm (mahana rūma).
I te mea he tino pai te mahi me te whakaurunga o ngā ara iahiko whakauru, ka whakatakotoria ngā whakaritenga tino pakari ake mō ngā papa me ngā rauemi tākai:
I te mea ka nui haere te whakaputanga wera o te maramara, ka hiahiatia he kawe wera nui ake.
I te tere nui o te huānga rorohiko, e hiahiatia ana he pūmau dielectric iti.
Me tata te tauwehenga whānui wera ki te silicon. Nā tēnei ka nui ake ngā whakaritenga mō te α-alumina, arā, ka whanake i te huarahi o te parakore me te ātaahua.
3. Rama whakaputa mārama konutai pēhanga-teitei
Ngā uku paiHe mea hanga ki te alumina tino pai rawa atu te parakore hei rauemi mata, ā, he āhuatanga o te ātete pāmahana teitei, te ātete waikura, te whakamarumaru pai, te kaha teitei, me ētahi atu, ā, he rauemi uku whatu tino pai. He polycrystalline mārama i hangaia ki te alumina tino parakore me te iti o te konupora waikura, te iridium waikura, te iridium waikura rānei, ā, i hangaia mā te sintering āhuarangi me te sintering pēhi wera, ka taea te tu atu i te waikura o te kohu konutai pāmahana teitei, ā, ka taea te whakamahi hei rama konutai pēhanga teitei me te pai o te rama.
Te whakamahinga o te α-alumina i roto i ngā uku hanganga
Hei rauemi hauora kore-waro, kāore he pānga paitini o ngā rauemi koiora-uku ki ngā rauemi whakarewa me ngā rauemi polymer, ā, he pai te hototahitanga koiora me te ātete ki te waikura ki ngā kiko koiora. Kua piki haere te maioha o te tangata ki ēnei rauemi. Kua whanake te rangahau me te tono haumanu o ngā rauemi koiora-uku mai i te whakakapinga me te whakakī wā poto ki te whakaurunga pumau me te pakari, mai i ngā rauemi koiora kore-pūmau ki ngā rauemi koiora kaha me ngā rauemi hiato maha-wāhanga.
I ngā tau tata nei, he porousngā uku aluminakua whakamahia hei hanga hononga angiangi horihori, hononga turi horihori, pane femur horihori, ētahi atu wheua horihori, pakiaka niho horihori, tīwiri whakapiri wheua, me ngā whakatikatika kornea nā te mea he ātete ki te waikura matū, he ātete ki te kakahu, he pumau pāmahana teitei, me ngā āhuatanga hiko wera. Ko te tikanga mō te whakahaere i te rahi o ngā pore i te wā e whakarite ana i ngā uku alumina pore ko te whakaranu i ngā matūriki alumina o ngā rahi matūriki rerekē, te whakakī i te pahuka, me te whakamaroke rehu i ngā matūriki. Ka taea hoki te whakaanodize i ngā pereti konumohe hei whakaputa i ngā pore momo hongere microporous nano-tauine ahunga.