Taimana "whakairo" rēseri: te wikitoria i te rauemi mārō rawa ki te mārama
TaimanaKo te matū tino mārō o te taiao, engari ehara i te mea he whakapaipai anake. E rima ngā wā tere ake o te kawe wera o tēnei rauemi i te parahi, ka taea te tu atu i te wera nui me te irahiko, ka taea te tuku mārama, te ārai i te wera, ā, ka taea hoki te huri hei haurua-ā-ira. Heoi, ko ēnei "mana nui" e mea ana i te taimana hei rauemi "tino uaua" ki te tukatuka - kāore e taea e ngā taputapu tuku iho te tapahi, te waiho rānei i ngā kapiti. Nō te taenga mai o te hangarau taiaho ka kitea e te tangata he kī hei wikitoria i tēnei "kingi o ngā rauemi".
He aha i taea ai e te taimana te "tapa" i te taimana mā te laser?
Whakaarohia te whakamahi i tētahi karāhe whakanui hei arotahi i te hihi o te rā hei whakakā i te pepa. He rite tonu te kaupapa o te tukatuka taiaho i te taimana, engari he tika ake. Ina pā te hihi taiaho kaha-nui ki te taimana, ka puta he "whakarerekētanga ngota waro" moroiti:
1. Ka huri te taimana hei karāpiti: Ka hurihia e te pūngao taiaho te hanganga mata o te taimana (sp³) hei karāpiti ngawari ake (sp²), pērā i te taimana e "heke" tonu ana hei mata pene.
2. Ka "whakamomona" te karāpiti: ka heke te paparanga karāpiti i te pāmahana teitei, ka whakairohia rānei e te hāora, ka waiho he tohu tukatuka tika. 3. Te putanga matua: ngā hapa I roto i te ariā, ka taea anake te tukatuka i te taimana tino pai mā te reera ultraviolet (te roangaru <229 nm), engari i roto i te ao tūturu, he iti tonu ngā hapa o ngā taimana horihori (pērā i ngā poke me ngā rohe kōhatu). He rite ēnei hapa ki ngā "kōhao" e taea ai te mimiti i te mārama matomato noa (532 nm) te reera infrared rānei (1064 nm). Ka taea e ngā kaipūtaiao te "whakahau" i te reera ki te whakairo i tētahi tauira motuhake ki te taimana mā te whakahaere i te tohatoha hapa.
Momo taiaho: Te whanaketanga mai i te "ouma" ki te "maripi hukapapa"
Ka whakakotahi te tukatuka taiaho i ngā pūnaha whakahaere tau rorohiko, ngā pūnaha whatu matatau, me te tūnga o ngā mea mahi tino tika me te aunoa hei hanga i tētahi pokapū tukatuka rangahau me te whakaputa. Ina whakamahia ki te tukatuka taimana, ka taea te whakatutuki i te tukatuka whai hua me te tino tika.
1. Te tukatuka taiaho maikorohekona He whānui te whānuitanga o te pā o te taiaho maikorohekona, ā, he pai mō te tukatuka mata. I mua i te putanga mai o te hangarau raka aratau, ko te nuinga o ngā pā o te taiaho kei roto i te awhe maikorohekona me te nanohekona. I tēnei wā, he iti noa ngā pūrongo mō te tukatuka taimana tika me ngā taiaho maikorohekona, ā, ko te nuinga o ēnei e aro ana ki te mara tono tukatuka o muri.
2. Te tukatuka i te taiaho nanohekona He nui te wāhi mākete o ngā taiaho nanohekona i tēnei wā, ā, he pai te pumau, he iti te utu, he poto hoki te wā tukatuka. He whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i te hanga umanga. Heoi, he kino te wera o te tukanga tango taiaho nanohekona ki te tauira, ā, ko te whakaaturanga nui ko te whakaputanga o te tukatuka i tētahi rohe nui e pāngia ana e te wera.
3. Te tukatuka i te reihi pikohekona Kei waenganui i te tukatuka i te taurite wera o te reihi nanohekona me te tukatuka matao o te reihi femtohekona te tukatuka reihi pikohekona. Ka tino whakaitihia te roa o te pā, ka tino whakaitihia te kino i puta mai i te rohe e pāngia ana e te wera.
4. Te tukatuka i te taiaho femtosecond Ka whakaratohia e te hangarau taiaho ultra-tere ngā whai wāhitanga mō te tukatuka taimana pai, engari ko te utu nui me te utu tiaki o ngā taiaho femtosecond ka whakawhāiti i te whakatairanga i ngā tikanga tukatuka. I tēnei wā, ko te nuinga o ngā rangahau e pā ana kei roto tonu i te wāhanga taiwhanga.
Whakamutunga
Mai i te "kore e taea te tapahi" ki te "whakairo i te hiahia", kua hangaia e te hangarau lasertaimana kāore i te rite ki te "vēra" kua mau i roto i te taiwhanga. Mā te whanaketanga o te hangarau, ā muri ake nei ka kite pea tātou: ngā maramara taimana e whakamarara ana i te wera i roto i ngā waea pūkoro, ngā rorohiko irahiko e whakamahi ana i ngā taimana hei penapena mōhiohio, tae atu ki ngā pūoko koiora taimana kua whakatōkia ki roto i te tinana tangata… Kei te whakarerekē tēnei kanikani o te māramatanga me ngā taimana i ō tātou oranga.