I te marama kua taha ake nei, i toro atu ahau ki tētahi miihini matua i tētahi wheketere rauemi ātete ahi i Hebei. I a ia e tohu ana ki tētahi tauira i tangohia mai i te oumu, ka mea mai ia ki ahau, "Tirohia tēnei wāhanga whakawhiti. He rerekētanga nui te tāpiri o te 'paura iti silicon carbide matomato'; he matotoru ake ngā tioata, ā, he tika ake te tae." Ko te "paura iti silicon carbide matomato" i kōrerotia e ia te kaupapa o tā tātou kōrero i tēnei rā—paura moroiti karawiti silicon matomatoAhakoa he wāhanga mōhiotia i roto i te umanga whakakoi, he tino whakamiharo ōna whakamahinga auaha i roto i te mara o ngā rauemi ātete-wera i ngā tau tata nei.
Kāore pea koe e whakapono, engari i te tīmatanga he "kai tautoko" noa iho te paura iti o te silicon carbide matomato i roto i ngā rauemi ātete ahi. I ngā tau o mua, ka tāpirihia e ētahi kaihanga he iti noa iho hei whakapai ake i te ātete ki te kakahu o ētahi hua ātete ahi. Heoi, i roto i ngā tau e rima, e ono rānei kua pahure ake nei, kua tino rerekē te āhua. I te mea kei te piki haere te tono a ngā ahumahi pēnei i te maitai, ngā konganuku kore-ferrous, me ngā uku ki ngā oumu—e hiahia ana kia ātete ki te pāmahana teitei, kia ātete ki te waikura, kia roa hoki te ora o te mahi—kua koretake haere ngā hanganga rauemi ātete ahi noa. I tēnei wā, ka tahuri ngā miihini rauemi ki tēnei "hoa tawhito," ā, ka kitea, ina whakamahia tika, he "taonga taonga" pono.
Hei mārama ki te take i tino rongonui ai, me titiro tātou ki ōna kaha matua. Tuatahi, he ātete ki te wera.Karāhe silicon matomatoHe kaha ake te ātete ki te waikura i ngā pāmahana teitei i te nuinga o ngā rauemi tuku iho, ā, ka noho pumau tonu ahakoa i te 1600℃, neke atu rānei, ka whai wāhi tēnei ki te roa o te ora o ngā oumu pāmahana teitei. Tuarua, he tino pakari, he ātete hoki ki te kakahu, he mea pai mō ngā wāhi e tino pāngia ana e te horo o ngā rauemi, pērā i ngā pūwero oumu pupuhi me ngā arai o ngā moenga wai e rere ana. Tuatoru, ā, he mea nui, he pai te kawe wera. Ko tēnei āhuatanga, e kiia ana he ngoikoretanga i ētahi wā (nā te mea ka nui ake te ngaronga wera), kei te whakamahia inaianei—kua waiho hei painga i roto i ngā hanganga e hiahia ana kia tere, kia ōrite hoki te ātete ki te whakawhiti wera, ki te ātete rānei ki te ru wera.
Me pēhea te whakamaoritanga o ēnei āhuatanga ki ngā mahi tūturu? Tukua ahau kia whakapuaki atu i ētahi tauira kua kite ahau i a au anō.
I tētahi wheketere rino nui i Shandong, he iti tonu te roa o te ora o ngā arai o ā rātou waka koko torpedo (ngā koko nui e whakamahia ana hei kawe i te rino rewa). Nō muri mai, ka tāpirihia e te tīma hangarau he paura moroiti karaka silicon matomato o tētahi rahi matūriki motuhake ki te mea whakarewa, ā, ka puta he merekara. Kāore i te whakaatu noa te arai hou i te ātete nui ki te horo o te rino rewa me te whakaekenga para, engari, nā te mea i whakakīia ngā pūwero o te matrix e te paura moroiti, i hua ake ai he hanganga whānui kia matotoru ake. I kī mai tētahi miihini i te papaanga ki ahau, "I mua, me whakatikatika nui te arai koko i muri i te rua rau whakamahinga; ināianei ka neke atu i te toru rau rima tekau whakamahinga. Mā tēnei anake ka penapenahia he moni nui ki ngā utu tiaki ā-tau me ngā ngaronga wā kore mahi."
He whakamahinga tino auaha ake kei roto i ngā whare wera kua whakarōpūtia kia rite ki te mahi. I roto i ētahi oumu matatau, he rerekē rawa ngā taiao e pā ana ki ngā wāhanga rerekē. Ko ētahi wāhi me ātete ahi nui, ko ētahi me ātete ru wera, ko ētahi me ātete kore e uru. Ko te huarahi atamai ehara i te whakamahi i te rauemi kotahi mō ngā mea katoa, engari me whakamahi i ngā hanganga rerekē i roto i ngā paparanga rerekē. He mahi nui te paura moroiti silicon carbide matomato i konei—ka taea te tāpiri atu ki te paparanga mata mahi e pā tika ana ki te konganuku rewa pāmahana teitei, mā te whakamahi i tōna ātete horo teitei; i roto i te paparanga parepare waenga, ka taea te whakarite i te ōwehenga hei whakapai ake i te taurite whānui wera; ā, i roto i te paparanga tautoko, ka taea te whakamahi i te paura iti, kāore rānei. Ka whakapai ake tēnei huarahi paparanga i te mahi whānui me te ōhanga. Kua whakanuia e tētahi kamupene i Zhejiang e hanga ana i ngā taonga oumu uku motuhake te roa o te ora o āna taonga oumu neke atu i te 40% mā te whakamahi i tēnei huarahi.
Tērā pea ka pātai koe, he aha e kore ai e tāpiri noa i ngā matūriki matotoru? He aha i tohe ai ki te "paura iti"? Ko te mea nui kei roto i tōna kaha ki te mahi hei wāhanga whakapakari engari ki te whai wāhi atu hoki ki te tauhohenga whakatā o te rauemi. I ngā pāmahana teitei, he nui te mahi mata o ēnei matūriki tino pai, e whakatairanga ana i te whakatā me te āwhina ki te hanga i tētahi hononga uku kaha ake. I te wā kotahi, ka mahi ia pērā i te "onepu" pai rawa atu, e whakakī ana i ngā āputa i waenga i ētahi atu matūriki whakakotahi, e whakaiti ana i te porosity. Ki te rauemi matotoru ake, he iti ake te tūponotanga o te para kino me ngā kohu kawakore ki te uru me te kino. Kua kite ahau i ngā raraunga whakamātautau e whakaatu ana mō ngā mea whakarewa ātete me te tauira kotahi, ko te tāpiri i te nui o te paura iti kawakore silicon karaka matomato ka taea te whakanui ake i te kaha piko pāmahana teitei mā te 20%-30%, ā, he nui ake te whakapainga o te ātete-wai.
Ae, ehara i te mea ka maka noa iho ngā mea pai. He mea uaua te horopeta, te hoahoa tohatoha rahi matūriki, me te whakakotahitanga me ētahi atu rauemi mata (pēnei i te bauxite, te corundum, me te paura iti alumina). Ki te iti rawa, kāore e kitea he pānga, engari ki te nui rawa, ka pāngia pea te mahi, ka nui rawa te utu, ka puta ake ētahi atu raruraru (pēnei i te aro ki ētahi hau whakaiti). Me mahi tonu ngā tohunga hangarau i ngā whakamātautau kia kitea ai te "taurite pai rawa atu." I kōrero mai tētahi miihini tawhito ki ahau i tētahi kupu whakarite tino tika: "Ko te whakatikatika i te tauira he rite ki te tākuta rongoā Hainamana tuku iho e tohu ana i tētahi whakahaunga; me āta whakaaro ki te horopeta o ia kai."
I tēnei wā, kua mōhio pea koe kei te neke haere te mahi a te paura iti karāhe silicon kakariki i roto i ngā rauemi ātete-waikura mai i te "tāpiri" noa ki te "whakarerekētanga matua" ka taea te whakarerekē i te hanganga iti me ngā āhuatanga o te rauemi. Ehara i te mea ka pai ake ngā tohu anake, engari ka whānui ake hoki ngā āheinga mō te hoahoa rauemi. Ināianei, kei te ako ētahi whare rangahau me pēhea te whakakotahi i te hangarau nano me te hangarau tauhohenga in-situ hei hanga i te whakatupuranga e whai ake nei o ngā rauemi ātete-waikura atamai ake, roa ake te mau.
Mai i te tohunga i roto i te umanga whakakoi ki te whetu e ara ake ana i roto i te ao rauemi ātete ahi, e whakaatu ana te kōrero mō te paura iti silicon carbide matomato ki a tātou ko te ahunga whakamua o te hangarau kei roto i te whakaurunga whakawhiti-mātauranga me ngā kitenga hou i roto i ngā rauemi tawhito. He rite ki taua mea kakara nui i roto i te tunu kai; ki te whakamahia tika me te pāmahana tika, ka taea e ia te whakaara ake i te rihi katoa ki tētahi taumata teitei ake. A te wā e kite ai koe i aua oumu hou e mahi tonu ana i roto i te mura, tera pea ka whakaaro koe kei roto i ō rātou arai pakari, he maha ngā tioata matomato iti e takaro puku ana i tētahi mahi tautoko nui. Koinei pea te ataahua o te pūtaiao rauemi—ka taea e ia te puāwai i ngā putiputi auaha rawa atu i ngā wāhi tuku iho.