Kia mārama ki te tukanga whakaputa o te paura korundum parauri
E tū ana i te toru mita te tawhiti atu i te oumu hiko, ka pā te ngaru wera kua takaihia ki te haunga o te konganuku kua tahuna ki tō mata – kei te hurihuri te paru bauxite i te neke atu i te 2200 nekehanga i roto i te oumu me ngā mirumiru whero koura. Ka murua e te rangatira tawhito a Lao Li tōna werawera, ka mea: "Tirohia? Ki te mea he kotahi te koko o te waro, ka heke te pāmahana o te oumu mā te 30 nekehanga, ā, ko tekōrunuma parauri "Ko te mea e puta mai ana ka pakarukaru pērā i te pihikete." Ko tēnei kohua o te "maitai rewa" e koropupū ana te wāhanga tuatahi o te whānautanga o te paura korundum parauri.
1. Te whakarewa: Te mahi uaua o te tango i te "haiti" mai i te ahi
Ko te kupu "fierce" kua whakairohia ki roto i ngā wheua o te corundum parauri, ā, kua whakatikatikaina tēnei āhua i roto i te oumu pewa hiko:
He rite ngā kai ki te rongoā: te turanga bauxite (Al₂O₃>85%), te kaiwhakaiti anthracite, me te tauhiuhi i ngā kongakonga rino hei "kaitātaki" – ki te kore hei āwhina i te rewa, kāore e taea te horoi i ngā silicates poke. Kua tawhito katoa ngā pukapuka ōwehenga o ngā wheketere tawhito i te Porowini o Henan: "Ki te nui rawa te waro, he nui te waro me te pango, ki te iti rawa te rino, he matotoru te para me te kohikohinga"
Te mea ngaro o te oumu whakatītaha: Ka whakatītahahia te tinana o te oumu ki te koki 15-tohu kia taea ai e te rewa te whakarōpū maori, ka whakatītaha te paparanga o raro o te alumina parakore hei korundum parauri, ā, ka keria te paparanga o runga o te para ferrosilicon. I whakamahia e te rangatira tawhito he toki roa hei wero i te putanga tauira, ā, ka whakamataohia ngā pata rewa i tauhiuhihia, ā, ka parauri pouri te wāhanga whakawhiti: "He tika tēnei tae! Ko te mārama kikorangi e tohu ana he teitei te titanium, ā, ko te mārama hina e tohu ana kāore i tino tangohia te silicon"
Mā te whakamatao tere ka whakatau te hua: ka ringihia te rewa ki roto i tētahi poka hohonu, ka ringihia ki te wai matao kia "pahū" kia mongamonga, ā, ka puta he tangi pakū rite tonu ki te pōporo te mamaoa wai. Ka maukati te whakamatao tere i ngā hapa o te whatunga, ā, he 30% teitei ake te pakari i tērā o te whakamatao tūturu – pērā i te tinei i te hoari, ko te mea nui ko te "tere".
2. Te kuru me te hanga: te toi o te hanga i ngā "tāngata pakari"
He tata te pakeke o te poraka kōrunuma parauri i puta mai i te oumu ki tērā otaimanaHe nui te uaua hei huri i a ia hei "hōia rangatira" taumata-maikorona:
Te whakatuwheratanga taratara o te kuru kauae
"Ka pakū" te pereti kauae waipēhi, ā, ka pakaru te poraka rite te rahi ki te poitūkohu hei nati. Ka tohu te kaiwhakahaere a Xiao Zhang ki te mata, ka amuamu: "I te wā whakamutunga i konatunatua ai he pereki ātete, ā, ka pakaru te āputa i te pereti kauae. I whaia ahau e te tīma tiaki, ā, ka riria ahau mō ngā rā e toru"
Te panonitanga i roto i te mira pōro
I haruru te mira pōro kua whakakikoruatia ki te karāneti, ā, i pā ngā pōro maitai ki ngā poraka pērā i te hunga kanikani nanakia. I muri i te 24 hāora o te huri tonu, ka pupuhi mai te paura parauri pouri i te putanga tuku. "He mahi tinihanga tēnei," te pato a te tohunga hangarau ki te papa whakahaere: "Ki te neke atu te tere i te 35 rpm, ka hurihia ngā matūriki hei ngira; ki te iti iho i te 28 rpm, ka koi rawa ngā taha."
Pokanga Kirihou Barmac
Ko te raina whakaputa kounga teitei e whakaatu ana i tana tino painga – ko te mīhini kuru pānga poutū a Barmac. Ka kuruhia te rauemi mā te tukinga-ā-unoa i raro i te taraiwa o te rotor tere-teitei, ā, ko te paura moroiti e puta ana he porowhita rite tonu ki ngā kirikiri awa. I inehia e tētahi wheketere wira huri i te Porowini o Zhejiang: mō te whakatakotoranga kotahi o te paura moroiti, ko te tikanga tuku iho he 1.75g/cm³ te matotoru, ko te tikanga Barmac he 1.92g/cm³ te matotoru! Ka takahuri a Mr. Li i te tauira ka whakapūha: "I mua, i amuamu tonu te wheketere wira huri mō te ngoikore o te rere o te paura, engari i nāianei kei te amuamu he tere rawa te tere whakakī kia kore e taea te pupuri."
3. Te whakarōpūtanga me te purenga: te hopu manu tika i te ao o ngā maikoroni
He pakanga wairua tēnei o te tukanga mā te whakarōpū i ngā matūriki 1/10 o te matotoru o te makawe ki ngā taumata rerekē:
Te mea ngaro o te whakarōpūtanga o te rere o te hau
Ka rere te hau kōpeke 0.7MPa ki roto i te rūma whakarōpū me te paura, ā, ko te tere o te impeller e whakatau ana i te "raina whakauru": 8000 rpm ka ārai i te W40 (40μm), ā, 12000 rpm ka aukati i te W10 (10μm). "Ko te mea tino wehi ahau i te haumākū nui", te tohu a te kaiwhakahaere awheawhe ki te pourewa whakamaroke: "I te marama kua hipa, i turuturu te fluorine i te condenser, ā, ka pupū te paura moroiti ka aukati i te paipa. E toru ngā huringa i pau ki te horoi."
Ko te maripi ngawari o te whakarōpūtanga waipēhi
Mō ngā paura tino pai rawa atu i raro i te W5, ka noho te rere o te wai hei reo whakarōpū. Ka hiki ake te wai ma i roto i te peere whakarōpū i te paura pai i te tere rere o te 0.5m/s, ā, ka tau tuatahi ngā matūriki taratara. Ka titiro te kaiwhakahaere ki te mita paru: "Mēnā he tere ake te tere rere o te 0.1m/s, ka mawhiti te haurua o te paura W3; ki te puhoi ake te 0.1m/s, ka uru te W10 ka puta he raruraru."
Te pakanga ngaro o te wehenga aukume me te tango rino
Ka tangohia e te rōra aukume kaha ngā kongakonga rino me te kaha momi o te 12,000 gauss, engari kāore e taea te ārai i ngā ira waikura rino. Ko te mahi tinihanga a te wheketere Shandong: me whakamakuku ki te waikawa oxalic i mua i te whakapūkara, ka hurihia te Fe₂O₃ uaua hei oxalate ferrous wairewa, ā, ka heke te ihirangi rino poke mai i te 0.8% ki te 0.15%.
4. Pte whakakorikori me te whakapūkara: te "whānautanga anō" o ngā mea whakakoi
Ki te hiahia koepaura moroiti kōrunuma parauriHei tū atu i te whakamātautau i roto i te wira huri pāmahana-tiketike, me paahitia e koe ngā whakamātautau ora me te mate e rua:
Te whakawhitiwhiti waikawa-pūtake o te whakapūkara
Ka pupuhi ngā mirumiru i roto i te tāke waikawa hauwaiora ki te whakarewa i ngā poke whakarewa, ā, ko te whakahaere kukū he rite ki te hikoi i runga i te taura piri: kāore e taea te horoi i te waikura i raro i te 15%, ā, neke atu i te 22% ka waikura i te tinana alumina. I pupuri a Lao Li i tētahi pepa whakamātautau PH hei tuku wheako: "I te wā e whakakore ana i te waikura ki te horoi kawakore, me pītiti tika koe i te PH=7.5. Ka puta he kōhao i runga i ngā tioata e te waikawa, ā, ka puta he paura i te mata o ngā matūriki i te kawakore."
Te panga pāmahana o te whakapūkara
I muri i te whakakā i te 1450℃/6 hāora i roto i te oumu hurihuri, ka pirau ngā poke ilmenite ki te āhua rutile, ā, ka piki ake te ātete wera o te paura iti mā te 300℃. Heoi, nā te tawhito o te thermocouple o tētahi wheketere, i neke atu te pāmahana tuturu i te 1550℃, ā, ko ngā paura iti katoa i puta mai i te oumu i whakakāhia hei "keke hīhiama" - 30 tana o ngā rauemi i parahia tika, ā, i tino pouri te kaiwhakahaere wheketere, ā, ka takahia e ia ōna waewae.
Whakamutunga: Ngā āhuahanga ahumahi i waenga i ngā mirimita
I te awheawhe o te ahiahi, kei te haruru tonu ngā mīhini. I horoia e Lao Li te puehu i runga i ōna kākahu mahi, ā, ka mea ia: "Whai muri i te 30 tau e mahi ana i tēnei umanga, kua mārama ahau ko ngā paura moroiti pai he '70% te whakapai ake, 30% te ora' – ko ngā kai te tūāpapa, ko te kuru kei te mārama, ā, ko te whakatauira kei te tupato." Mai i te bauxite ki ngā paura moroiti nano-tauine, e toru ngā pokapū e arohia ana e ngā whanaketanga hangarau: te parakore (te tango i te pīkara me te paru), te āhua (te hanga Barmac), me te rahi o te matūriki (te whakatauira tika).